In a 2019 Study of the Nature of the Personal

question 12

Multiple Choice

In a 2019 study of the nature of the personal networks of residents of East York, Toronto, Canada, the authors found that most of the older adults they interviewed belonged to the following group:

• A) older adults were primarily socially isolated individuals
• B) older adults were evenly distributed across all three groups: socially isolated, socially connected, and networked individuals
• C) older adults were primarily socially connected individuals
• D) older adults were both socially isolated individuals and socially isolated individuals

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Definitions:

Shaping

A method of training by which successive approximations towards a desired behavior are reinforced.

Discrimination

Unfair treatment of individuals based on their race, gender, age, or other characteristics rather than their merits.

Flooding

Confronting your worst fear head-on, all at once.

Spontaneous Recovery

The reappearance of a previously extinguished conditioned response after a pause, without new learning sessions.