The History Effect Is a Source of Causal Invalidity When

question 15

True/False

The history effect is a source of causal invalidity when events outside of the study influence posttest scores.

---

Definitions:

Respiration

The biochemical process in living organisms involving the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the organism and its environment.

Sympathetic Nervous System

A branch of the autonomic nervous system that activates what is often termed the fight or flight response during times of stress.

Physiological Reactions

The body's automatic responses to external or internal stimuli, which can include changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and hormone levels.

Prefrontal Cortex

The part of the brain located at the front of the frontal lobes, responsible for complex behaviors including planning, decision making, and moderating social behavior.