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In This Article Edwards Attacks the Cosmological Argument, Specifically Aquinas's

question 3

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In this article Edwards attacks the cosmological argument, specifically Aquinas's causal and contingency versions, holding that the argument fails at several points. Against the causal argument, he argues that the premise asserting the impossibility of an infinite series is false. Even if the argument were sound, he says, it would not prove the existence of a single first cause because a plurality of causes cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, the argument is not helped by the theist's distinction between causes that bring something into existence (causes in fieri) and causes that sustain something in existence (causes in esse) . Some defend the causal argument by insisting that even if there were an infinite series of causes, there still must be an ultimate cause of the series as a whole. Edwards counters that such notions rest on the "erroneous assumption that the series is something over and above the members of which it is composed." Against the contingency argument, Edwards maintains that to explain a contingent phenomenon, we do not need to posit a necessary being and that those who make such a demand beg the question at issue.
-Edwards asserts that by rejecting a supernatural first cause, one is not then committed to the proposition that

Definitions:

Utility-Maximizing Rule

An economic principle that states individuals allocate their income in a way that maximizes their total utility, based on the marginal utility per unit of price for goods or services.

Algebra

A branch of mathematics that deals with symbols and the rules for manipulating these symbols, representing quantities and expressing mathematical relationships.

Marginal Utility

The added satisfaction a consumer gains from consuming an additional unit of a good or service.

Maximizing Utility

The economic principle that individuals seek to obtain the highest level of satisfaction or benefit from their actions and choices.