In This Article Edwards Attacks the Cosmological Argument, Specifically Aquinas's

question 8

True/False

In this article Edwards attacks the cosmological argument, specifically Aquinas's causal and contingency versions, holding that the argument fails at several points. Against the causal argument, he argues that the premise asserting the impossibility of an infinite series is false. Even if the argument were sound, he says, it would not prove the existence of a single first cause because a plurality of causes cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, the argument is not helped by the theist's distinction between causes that bring something into existence (causes in fieri) and causes that sustain something in existence (causes in esse). Some defend the causal argument by insisting that even if there were an infinite series of causes, there still must be an ultimate cause of the series as a whole. Edwards counters that such notions rest on the "erroneous assumption that the series is something over and above the members of which it is composed." Against the contingency argument, Edwards maintains that to explain a contingent phenomenon, we do not need to posit a necessary being and that those who make such a demand beg the question at issue.
-Edwards believes in a finite God.

Recognize the genetic and physiological basis of color-deficient vision.

Understand the basic structure and function of the human visual system.

Recognize the differences between rods and cones in terms of their functions and sensitivities.

Comprehend the visual pathways from the retina to the visual cortex.

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Definitions:

Actual Output

refers to the actual quantity of goods or services produced by a business within a given period.

Predetermined Overhead Rate

An estimated rate used to allocate manufacturing overhead costs to individual products based on a relevant activity base, such as labor hours.

Indirect Labor

Workers or labor costs that support the production process but are not directly involved in the creation of the product.

Supplies

Items or materials used in the production process or in the operation of a business.