In This Selection Churchland Examines Functionalism and the Two Prominent

question 8

Multiple Choice

In this selection Churchland examines functionalism and the two prominent versions of materialism in philosophy of mind. Reductivism claims that there is an identity of mental states with brain states. Functionalism rejects any one-to-one correlation between mental types and physical types and concentrates on the relationship between inputs and outputs. For example, the mental event of pain could be similar in two beings that have altogether different types of bodies and brains. Most functionalists are materialists, but someone could be a functionalist and be a nonmaterialist. Eliminative materialism is more radical than either of these other theories and seeks to eliminate "folk psychology"-talk of beliefs, feelings, and perceptions-in favor of more scientific descriptions of what is going on in the brain. Churchland concludes that the truth may be a combination of the two materialist theories, although the evidence points more in the direction of eliminativism.
-Smart says that the well-known philosophical objections to the mind-body identity theory are

• A) more cogent than people realize.
• B) generally on the mark.
• C) not as cogent as many people think.
• D) trivial.

Understand the hypothesis testing for the difference between two population means.

Interpret the conditions under which the t-distribution is applicable.

Calculate and interpret the standard error of the sampling distribution of the sample mean difference.

Identify and apply the correct degrees of freedom in hypothesis testing involving two independent samples.

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Definitions:

Social Acceptance

The degree to which an individual is accepted or approved of by a social group or society at large.

Self-presentation

The process by which individuals attempt to control the impressions others form of them, especially in social situations, through regulation of their behavior and appearance.

Valued Identity

A person's sense of self, regarded as important and valuable within their social and cultural context.

Life-threatening Risks

Refers to dangers or hazards that have the potential to cause death or serious harm to an individual’s health.