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Russ Shafer-Landau is professor of philosophy at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He is the author, editor, or coeditor of several books including The Fundamentals of Ethics, fourth edition (2017) and The Ethical Life, fourth edition (2017). He is also the editor of Oxford Studies in Metaethics. In this reading he reviews some common criticisms of utilitarianism and argues that although some of them are less than decisive, others pose serious problems for the theory. Utilitarianism's most crippling shortcomings are its insistence that there is no intrinsic wrongness (or rightness) and its requirement that we must maximize well-being even if justice is thwarted.
-Some utilitarians deny that their theory ever requires us to commit injustice.
Social Changes
Shifts in the structure or culture of a society over time that influence the way individuals or communities interact and function.
Behavioral Changes
Alterations in an individual's actions or reactions, often as a result of learning, experience, or environmental influences.
Childbirth Customs
The practices, rituals, and beliefs associated with the process of giving birth, which vary widely across different cultures and societies.
Cervix
The lower part of the uterus in the female reproductive system, connecting the uterus to the vagina and playing crucial roles in menstruation and childbirth.
Q1: Frankfurt says that what humans have that
Q4: cultural relativism :
Q4: If the mind is indivisible and the
Q5: According to Ryle, someone who accepts the
Q6: Science has proved that the future will
Q8: Rawls say that we do not deserve
Q9: According to Hobbes, in physical and mental
Q13: According to Hume, the mind is<br>A) a
Q15: Those who advocate the construction of a
Q26: argument from evil :