A Harvard Study Examined the Connection Between Explicit and Unconscious

question 200

Multiple Choice

A Harvard study examined the connection between explicit and unconscious racial bias of 287 Boston and Atlanta physicians and their thrombolysis recommendations for white and black patients.

• A) The physicians showed no overt bias for white or black patients on explicit questions about racial matters.
• B) The physicians showed a pro-white, anti-black bias on the Implicit Association Tests (IAT) given to them.
• C) As the physicians' pro-white bias increased, so did their likelihood of treating white and black patients differently in regard to medical procedures.
• D) All the above

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Definitions:

Debt-Equity Ratio

A financial ratio that measures the relative proportion of shareholders' equity and debt used to finance a company's assets.

Financial Risk

The chance of incurring a loss in capital in an investment or business operation.

Business Risk

The potential for losses or less-than-expected profits within the operations of a company, not related to financial debt but to the business's environment and operations.

Levered Firms

Companies that have incurred debt. Leveraging amplifies both the potential returns and risks of investments.