Hirschi and Selvin Advance Three Criteria for Establishing Cause and Effect

question 13

Multiple Choice

Hirschi and Selvin advance three criteria for establishing cause and effect. Which of the following is NOT included in their criteria?

• A) Lack of spuriousness
• B) Association
• C) Temporal order
• D) Intervening variables

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Definitions:

Breasts

Glandular organs located on the chest of female mammals that produce milk to feed newborn offspring; also present in a less developed form in males.

Ovaries

Female reproductive organs in which eggs are produced, along with important hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

Piaget

Refers to Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist known for his pioneering work in the field of developmental psychology and his theory of cognitive development in children.

Symbols

Representations, such as characters or images, that stand for or signify an idea, object, or relationship.