Argument or Not an Argument

question 21

Short Answer

Argument or not an argument?
-If our thoughts are nothing but physical events occurring in our brains, then our thoughts are fully caused by our brains. But our brains are purely material (physical) entities whose workings are ultimately determined by preexisting events and the laws of physics. Therefore, our thoughts are determined by preexisting events and the laws of physics, not by the laws of logic and the rational consideration of evidence.

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Definitions:

Conditioned Fear

A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus that has been repeatedly paired with an aversive stimulus, leading to an anticipatory fear response.

Little Albert

An experiment conducted by John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner that demonstrated classical conditioning in humans, specifically showing how a child could be conditioned to fear a white rat.

Counterconditioning

A behavior therapy technique that involves replacing an undesirable response to a stimulus with a more desirable one.

Conditioned Stimulus

A previously neutral stimulus that, after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response.