On Critically Evaluating Inductive Arguments

question 147

Short Answer

On critically evaluating inductive arguments. Read the following arguments and carry out the instructions below.
-Read the following argument and list of additional items. Would the addition of each item strengthen the argument, weaken the argument, or leave the strength of the argument unchanged? Consider each addition separately from the rest.
The Ace Widget Company needs a new delivery truck. The truck must be capable of hauling heavy crates of widgets, and it must be adequate for heavy city driving. The company next door, the Ajax Bakery, has a delivery truck for sale. The Ajax Company's president says the truck worked extremely well for its purposes. The president of Ace concludes that the Ajax truck will make an excellent delivery truck.
a. The Ajax Company never hauled heavy loads.
b. The Ajax Company used its truck mainly on the open highway.
c. The conclusion is changed to: The truck will make a good delivery truck.
d. The conclusion is changed to: The truck will be OK, though not always perfect.
e. The Ajax Company plans to install a new widget-painting machine.
f. The conclusion is changed to: The truck will make an absolutely perfect delivery truck.

---

Definitions:

Target Costing

A pricing strategy where a product’s selling price is determined first based on market conditions, and then the manufacturing cost is managed to ensure profitability.

Life Cycle Cost

Encompasses all costs associated with a product or asset over its entire life, from acquisition through disposal.

Cost-plus Price

An approach where the selling price of a product is fixed by appending a set markup to the product’s per-unit cost.

Appraisal Costs

Costs associated with the inspection and testing of materials and products to ensure quality standards are met.