The First Crusade Was Launched After Pope Urban II Received

question 29

Multiple Choice

The first Crusade was launched after Pope Urban II received a call for aid against the advancing armies of

• A) Byzantium
• B) the Abbasid caliphate
• C) Persia
• D) the Seljuk Turks

---

Definitions:

Optic Nerve

A paired nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain, playing a critical role in the sense of sight.

Visual Acuity

The clarity or sharpness of vision, often measured in terms of the ability to discern letters or numbers at a standardized distance.

Posterior Cavity

The back part of the body cavity that houses the brain and spinal cord in vertebrates, also known as the dorsal body cavity.

Astigmatism

A refractive error of the eye that causes distorted or blurred vision due to an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens.