A Budgeting Process in Which Lower-Level Managers Budget Their Departments

question 120

Short Answer

A budgeting process in which lower-level managers budget their departments' resource needs and pass them up to top management for approval is called _____ budgeting.

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Definitions:

Representativeness Heuristic

A belief that outcomes will always reflect characteristics of the process that generated them (e.g., an expectation that the outcome of a series of coin flips will always look random).

Coin Flips

A random process used to generate two equally likely outcomes, typically representing "heads" or "tails."

Framing

The way information is presented or structured, affecting perception and decision-making.

Illogical Preferences

Choices or decisions made that contradict rational decision-making models or that do not follow logical consistency.