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The Social Darwinists were early (or "utopian") socialists.
Temporary Price
A price set for a product or service for a limited period before it returns to its normal level, often used in sales promotions.
Surplus
The situation in which the quantity supplied of a good exceeds the quantity demanded, often due to a price being set above the equilibrium level.
Shortage
A market condition where the demand for a product exceeds its supply, often leading to price increases.
Equilibrium Quantity
The amount of products or services available that matches the amount desired at the market's equilibrium price.