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Use the Following Information to Answer the Questions Below

question 38

Multiple Choice

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects cells that have both CD4 and CCR5 cell surface molecules. The viral nucleic acid molecules are enclosed in a protein capsid, and the protein capsid is itself contained inside an envelope consisting of a lipid bilayer membrane and viral glycoproteins. One hypothesis for viral entry into cells is that binding of HIV membrane glycoproteins to CD4 and CCR5 initiates fusion of the HIV membrane with the plasma membrane, releasing the viral capsid into the cytoplasm. An alternative hypothesis is that HIV gains entry into the cell via receptor-mediated endocytosis, and membrane fusion occurs in the endocytotic vesicle. To test these alternative hypotheses for HIV entry, researchers labelled the lipids on the HIV membrane with a red fluorescent dye.

-Using live-cell fluorescence microscopy, researchers observed that a red fluorescent spot moved from the plasma membrane into the interior of target cells when red fluorescent dye-labelled HIV was added to the cells. What is the best conclusion from these observations?

Definitions:

Interest Rate Collar

A risk management strategy used to limit exposure to interest rate fluctuations by setting upper and lower bounds.

Risk Exposure

Risk exposure is the measure of potential future losses that may result from business activities or investment decisions, due to risks that have been taken.

Variable-Rate Loan

A loan in which the interest rate can change over time, based on an underlying benchmark interest rate or index.

Interest Rate Cap

A financial derivative contract that limits the maximum interest rate a borrower has to pay on a variable-rate loan.