A Few Decades Ago, Knudsen and Colleagues Proposed a Theory

question 26

Multiple Choice

A few decades ago, Knudsen and colleagues proposed a theory that, for a normal cell to become a cancer cell, a minimum of two genetic changes had to occur in that cell. Knudsen was studying retinoblastoma, a childhood cancer of the eye.
-In colorectal cancer, several genes must be mutated in order to make a cell a cancer cell, supporting Knudsen's hypothesis. Which of the following kinds of genes would you expect to be mutated?

• A) genes coding for enzymes that act in the colon
• B) genes involved in control of the cell cycle
• C) genes that are especially susceptible to mutation
• D) the same genes that Knudsen identified as associated with retinoblastoma
• E) the genes of the bacteria that are abundant in the colon

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Definitions:

TEAM Act

A proposed or existing legislative act focused on Teamwork for Employee Advancement and Management, potentially involving policies that influence employee-employer relations and collaborative work environments.

Employee Involvement Programs

Refers to organizational strategies designed to engage workers more directly in decision-making processes and operations, aiming to improve job satisfaction and overall company performance.

Co-Opting Strategy

A method used by companies or governments to absorb or assimilate new elements into the organization's structure to minimize opposition or dissent.

Competitive Pressures

The forces that compel businesses to continuously improve their products, services, and operational efficiency in order to remain viable in the market.