The Next Few Questions Refer to the Following Description

question 16

Multiple Choice

The next few questions refer to the following description.
On the volcanic, equatorial West African island of Sao Tomé, two species of fruit fly exist. Drosophila yakuba inhabits the island's lowlands, and is also found on the African mainland, located about 200 miles away. At higher elevations, and only on Sao Tomé, is found the very closely related Drosophila santomea. The two species can hybridize, though male hybrids are sterile. A hybrid zone exists at middle elevations, though hybrids there are greatly outnumbered by D. santomea. Studies of the two species' nuclear genomes reveal that D. yakuba on the island is more closely related to mainland D. yakuba than to D. santomea (2n = 4 in both species) . Sao Tomé rose from the Atlantic Ocean about 14 million years ago.
-Which of the following reduces gene flow between the gene pools of the two species on Sao Tomé, despite the existence of hybrids?

• A) hybrid breakdown
• B) hybrid inviability
• C) hybrid sterility
• D) temporal isolation
• E) a geographic barrier

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Definitions:

Distribution of Scores

The range and frequency of scores obtained in a test or assessment, often visualized in the form of a graph.

Descriptive Statistics

Statistical methods that summarize or describe the characteristics of a data set, such as mean, median, and mode.

Summarize Complex Data

The process of simplifying and condensing extensive data sets to highlight their essential aspects without losing significant information.

Population Parameters

Population parameters are numerical values that summarize or describe characteristics of an entire population, such as the mean or variance.