To Prepare Flight Muscles for Use on a Cool Morning

question 27

Multiple Choice

To prepare flight muscles for use on a cool morning, hawkmouth moths

• A) relax the muscles completely until after they launch themselves into the air.
• B) decrease their standard metabolic rate.
• C) rapidly contract and relax these muscles to generate metabolic warmth.
• D) walk to shaded areas to avoid direct sunlight.
• E) reduce the metabolic rate of the muscles to rest them before flight.

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Definitions:

Proprioceptor

Sensory receptors found in muscles and tendons that provide information about body position and movement.

Spinal Cord

A long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue, which extends from the brainstem down the back, and is enclosed in and protected by the vertebral column.

Pupillary Reflex

An involuntary reflex adjustment of the pupil size in response to varying light intensities to control the amount of light entering the eye.

Oculomotor

Relating to the third cranial nerve, which controls most of the eye's movements, including constriction of the pupil and maintaining an open eyelid.