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When a Principal Is Partially Disclosed

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When a principal is partially disclosed


Definitions:

Two-tailed Test

A statistical hypothesis test in which the area of rejection is on both sides of the sampling distribution, allowing for testing in both directions.

Z-statistic

A statistical measure that quantifies the distance (in standard deviation units) a data point is from the mean of a distribution.

Two-tailed Test

A statistical test that considers both directions of an effect, testing the possibility of relationships in both positive and negative directions.

Significant

Denoting a result in statistical analysis that is likely not due to chance, thereby indicating a meaningful difference or correlation.

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