The Best Evidence That Genes Have Something to Do with Mood

question 58

Multiple Choice

The best evidence that genes have something to do with mood disorders comes from twin studies.The concordance rates of identical twins are compared with those of fraternal twins.What have studies shown the concordance rates in mood disorders are associated with?

• A) age at first episode; the higher the age of onset, the higher the concordance rate
• B) severity; if one twin has had three or more major depressive episodes, the chances of his or her twin presenting with a mood disorder is greater
• C) age at first episode; the lower the age of onset, the higher the concordance rate
• D) response to treatment; if one twin responded poorly to treatment, the chances of his or her twin presenting with a mood disorder is greater

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Definitions:

Reduced Intelligence

A condition or situation where an individual's cognitive abilities are significantly below the average for their age and demographic.

Stressful Family Circumstances

Situations within a family that cause stress, such as financial problems, divorce, or illness, potentially impacting members' mental and physical health.

Intelligence Quotient

A score derived from standardized tests designed to measure human intelligence.

IQ Score

A measure of a person's intelligence as indicated by an intelligence test, relative to the average for people of the same age.