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Managers Make Decisions from Available Alternatives, but in Reality, There

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Essay

Managers make decisions from available alternatives, but in reality, there are many times when the information needed is not available, unknown, or not knowable. Write a short essay that shows the similarities and differences between programmed and nonprogrammed decisions, and their relationship to certainty and uncertainty. Include examples that you believe represents each type of decision.


Definitions:

Cultural Personality

How culture affects personality traits and behaviors, acknowledging that different cultures can lead to variations in personality across populations.

Hofstede

A framework for cross-cultural communication, developed by Geert Hofstede, that analyzes cultural dimensions and their impact on behavior in different societies.

Low In Uncertainty Avoidance

A characteristic of cultures that have a high tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty, and are more accepting of risk and change.

Highly Individualistic

Characterized by a strong emphasis on personal independence and the pursuit of individual goals over group ones.

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