When Two Variables Are Correlated,it Is Not Clear Which One

question 15

Multiple Choice

When two variables are correlated,it is not clear which one is a causal variable and which is an effect.This ambiguity reflects:

• A) the third variable problem
• B) random error
• C) selection bias
• D) the directionality problem

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Definitions:

Encoded

The process by which information is converted into a form that allows it to be stored in the brain's memory system.

Long-Term Memory

The phase of memory responsible for storing information over extended periods, ranging from hours to a lifetime.

Unlimited Capacity

The theoretical idea that an entity or system has no boundaries or limits in terms of capacity or volume.

Flashbulb Memory

A clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event.