Riley Routinely Blows Every Little Setback Out of Proportion

question 84

Multiple Choice

Riley routinely blows every little setback out of proportion. For example, when she forgot to turn in her algebra homework she was convinced that she would fail the class. Riley is at risk for developing

• A) depression.
• B) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
• C) schizophrenia.
• D) social phobia.

Explain the role of the molecular clock in estimating divergence times and evolutionary rates.

Interpret phylogenetic trees to infer evolutionary relationships and common ancestry.

Distinguish between monophyletic, polyphyletic, and paraphyletic groups.

Identify the implications of phylogenetic relationships for classification systems.

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Definitions:

Escalation of Commitment

A behavioral pattern where an individual or group continues to invest in a decision despite facing negative outcomes, often due to cognitive biases or the desire to avoid loss or admit failure.

Path Dependency

The idea that decisions we face for any given circumstance are limited by the decisions we have made in the past, even though past circumstances may no longer be relevant.

Participative Decision Making

Decision making in which individuals who are affected by decisions influence the making of those decisions.

Bounded Rationality

A concept that decision-makers are limited by the information they have, the cognitive limitations of their minds, and the finite amount of time they have to make decisions.