Observations Vs

question 160

Multiple Choice

Observations vs. Explanations. Which of the following statements is an explanation?

• A) The farther a galaxy is, the faster it is moving away from us.
• B) The inner planets of the solar system are rocky and the outer planets are gas giants.
• C) The orderly orbits of planets arose from their formation in a rotating cloud of gas.
• D) Hydrogen and helium are important constituents of stars.
• E) All planets orbit the Sun in the same direction and nearly the same plane.

---

Definitions:

Recency Errors

A cognitive bias that occurs when the most recent information or experiences have a disproportionate impact on one's memory or evaluation of a situation.

The Halo Effect

A cognitive bias where an observer's overall impression of a person, company, brand, or product influences their feelings and thoughts about that entity's character or properties.

Leniency Errors

A bias in assessment or judgment processes where the evaluator tends to consistently rate others more favorably than warranted.

Interviewer Illusion

A cognitive bias occurring when interviewers overestimate their ability to evaluate interviewees accurately.