If the Distance Between Us and a Star Is Doubled

question 85

Multiple Choice

If the distance between us and a star is doubled, with everything else remaining the same, its luminosity

• A) is decreased by a factor of four, and its apparent brightness is decreased by a factor of four.
• B) is decreased by a factor of two, and its apparent brightness is decreased by a factor of two.
• C) remains the same, but its apparent brightness is decreased by a factor of two.
• D) remains the same, but its apparent brightness is decreased by a factor of four.
• E) is decreased by a factor of four, but its apparent brightness remains the same.

---

Definitions:

Type II Error

The error that occurs when a statistical test fails to reject a false null hypothesis, mistakenly indicating that a difference or effect does not exist.

Two-Tailed

Refers to a hypothesis test where the area of interest spans both tails of the distribution, allowing for testing of differences in both directions.

One-Tailed

A hypothesis test where the area of interest is only on one side of the distribution, testing for a direction-specific outcome.

Adrenal Glands

Small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of both kidneys that produce hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol involved in stress and metabolic responses.