Define Top-Down Planning and Bottom-Up Planning

question 81

Essay

Define top-down planning and bottom-up planning.

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Definitions:

Anthropocentric Relationship

A viewpoint that human beings are the most significant entities in the universe, focusing on human values and interests in evaluating the environment.

Environmental Perceive

The process by which individuals notice and interpret environmental factors or conditions.

Conservation Era

A period in American history marked by the beginning of a widespread environmental movement focusing on the preservation and sustainable management of natural resources.

Grassroots Environmentalism

A movement advocating for environmental protection and sustainability that originates from community-level activism and action, rather than top-down directives.