Cesare Beccaria Criticized Existing Systems of Criminal Law as Irrational

question 46

Multiple Choice

Cesare Beccaria criticized existing systems of criminal law as irrational and argued that criminal laws, to be just, should reflect three truths; which of the following is not one of the three truths discussed in the book?

• A) All decisions, including the decision to commit a crime, are the result of rational choice.
• B) Fear of punishment can have a deterrent effect on the choice to commit crime.
• C) The more swift and certain punishment is, the more effective it will be in controlling crime.
• D) Laws should be shared through word of mouth.

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Definitions:

Melancholia

A condition described by early Greek and Roman philosophers and physicians as consisting of unshakable sadness. Today it is known as depression.

Soldier's Heart

An outdated term historically used to describe what is now known as Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), particularly among war veterans.

Stress Disorders

Mental health conditions that arise as direct consequences of acute or chronic stress, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and adjustment disorders.

Anxious

A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease, typically about an imminent event or something with an uncertain outcome.