Cesare Beccaria Criticized Existing Systems of Criminal Law as Irrational

question 46

Multiple Choice

Cesare Beccaria criticized existing systems of criminal law as irrational and argued that criminal laws, to be just, should reflect three truths; which of the following is not one of the three truths discussed in the book?

• A) All decisions, including the decision to commit a crime, are the result of rational choice.
• B) Fear of punishment can have a deterrent effect on the choice to commit crime.
• C) The more swift and certain punishment is, the more effective it will be in controlling crime.
• D) Laws should be shared through word of mouth.

---

Definitions:

Translation

One step in a cell’s production of a protein, in which the cell “reads” the code represented in a strand of mRNA and creates a protoprotein based on that code.

Prenatal Development

The process of growth and development within the womb from conception until birth.

Genome

All of a person’s coded and non-coded DNA.

Gene Expression

The process by which DNA information is transmitted and translated to cells.