Which of These Statements Does NOT Correctly Describe the Countercurrent

question 196

Multiple Choice

Which of these statements does NOT correctly describe the countercurrent system?

• A)The loops of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons are responsible for establishing a vertical osmotic gradient in the interstitial fluid of the renal medulla by countercurrent multiplication.
• B)The active NaCl pump of the ascending limb of Henle's limb can establish a 200 mOsm/litre concentration difference between the ascending and descending limbs at any given horizontal level.
• C) By means of countercurrent exchange, the vasa recta preserve the vertical osmotic gradient while supplying blood to the medullary tissue.
• D) The collecting tubules of all nephrons utilize the driving force of the vertical osmotic gradient to accomplish variable H₂O reabsorption under the control of vasopressin, which governs their permeability.

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Definitions:

Cultural Biases

Prejudices or predispositions toward certain cultures or cultural practices, often stemming from one's own cultural context.

Culture-Consistent

Behaviors, practices, or beliefs that are in harmony with the norms and values of a specific culture.

Preconventional Level

According to Kohlberg, a period during which moral judgments are based largely on expectations of rewards or punishments.

Postconventional Level

The stage in Kohlberg's theory of moral development where individuals make ethical choices based on universal principles and the internalization of these principles.