Cindy Discovers That When She Goes to the Beach, She

question 11

Multiple Choice

Cindy discovers that when she goes to the beach, she does not have to bring her radio. She can put her blanket near someone who has a radio and listen all day (without having to carry her radio, get sand in her speakers, or buy new batteries) . This is an example of:

• A) private property abuse.
• B) external costs.
• C) a negative externality.
• D) a positive externality.

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Definitions:

Fixed Cost

Expenses that do not change with the level of production or sales, such as rent, salaries, and insurance.

Net Operating Income

A measure of a company's profitability, calculated by subtracting operating expenses from operating revenues, excluding taxes and interest.

EBIT

A financial performance metric that calculates a company's profits before accounting for interest and income tax costs, including all other expenses.

Asset Beta

A measure of the sensitivity of a particular asset's returns to the returns of the overall market, indicating its risk relative to the market.