How Has the Supreme Court Consistently Used the Fourteenth Amendment

question 25

Multiple Choice

How has the Supreme Court consistently used the Fourteenth Amendment in applying the Bill of Rights to state governments?

• A) President Lincoln interpreted that the amendment required states to observe the "due process" clause and by executive order required states to abide by it, which the Supreme Court has since upheld.
• B) Congress passed an "enforcement statute" that forced the Supreme Court to begin recognizing the due process clause.
• C) The Bill of Rights does not apply to state governments and their actions, so the Supreme Court has not referred to it in this regard.
• D) The Supreme Court has applied the "due process" clause, ruling that the failure to recognize any right in the Bill of Rights is a violation of this clause.
• E) The Fourteenth Amendment explicitly requires that states recognize and enforce the Bill of Rights in the U.S. Constitution, which the Supreme Court has upheld.

---

Definitions:

Canaliculi

Canaliculi are small, narrow channels or ducts in bone or in the liver, facilitating the transport of nutrients and waste.

Woven Bone

A form of bone characterized by haphazard organization of collagen fibers and is usually formed rapidly during bone formation or repair.

Collagen Fibers

Strong, insoluble protein fibers that form an essential part of the connective tissue in the body, providing tensile strength and elasticity.

Porous Appearance

Characterized by the presence of pores or small openings, allowing the passage of gases, liquids, or light particles.