List and Explain the Structural Devices to Achieve Vertical Linkage

question 78

Short Answer

List and explain the structural devices to achieve vertical linkage.

Analyze the positive and negative implications of modernity as perceived by classical and contemporary theorists.

Ascertain how modernity entails urbanization, expansion of formal rationality, and shifts towards a money economy.

Appreciate the critique of postmodernism by theorists like Jurgen Habermas.

Understand the concept of distanciation and its importance to modernity.

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Definitions:

Reintegrative Shaming

A concept in criminology that suggests shame can be used as a form of punishment that encourages offenders to reintegrate into society, differentiating between the act and the actor.

Stigmatizing

The act of discrediting or devaluing individuals on the basis of attributes, behaviors, or reputations that are socially disapproved or seen as undesirable.

Criminal Patterns

The recurring behaviors or methods that characterize criminal activity, often analyzed to predict or prevent future crimes.

Anticriminal Patterns

Behaviors or practices that are aimed at preventing crime or reducing the likelihood of engaging in criminal activity.