[Solved] What features of the telescopic view of the Andromeda Galaxy, M-31, are also visible to thenaked eye for our similar Galaxy? Standard Labor Cost: A predetermined cost of the labor time required to produce a unit of output, factoring in wages, benefits, and other labor-related costs. Sales Volume Variance: The difference between the actual units sold and the budgeted units sold, multiplied by the standard selling price per unit. Average Price: The mean price of a good or service calculated by dividing the sum of the prices of all the items by the number of items. Overhead Volume Variance: Overhead volume variance is the difference between the budgeted overhead at standard production volumes and the actual overhead incurred due to variance in production volume.