The Janissary Revolt in Serbia and the Execution of Selim

question 39

Essay

The Janissary revolt in Serbia and the execution of Selim III taught Ottoman leaders that reform had to be more systematic. The Ottoman response was the Tanzimat. Describe those reforms and evaluate their effectiveness.

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Definitions:

Materials Price Variance

The difference between the actual cost of materials and the expected (or standard) cost, used to control and manage costs.

Labor Efficiency Variance

The difference between the actual hours worked and the standard hours expected to complete a task, multiplied by the standard hourly labor rate.

Materials Price Variance

The discrepancy between the real expense of direct materials employed in manufacturing and the anticipated standard expense for those materials.

Materials Quantity Variance

The difference between the budgeted and actual quantities of materials used in production, affecting cost management.