ML Is a 34-Year-Old Male Computer Programmer with a BMI

question 8

Multiple Choice

M.L. is a 34-year-old male computer programmer with a BMI of 26 who is seeking dietary counseling. His dose of Prilosec was recently increased, and although he now suffers less often from heartburn symptoms, he is also leery of medical side effects and would like any and all suggestions to manage his GERD "naturally." Having had GERD for the past eight years and been on some form of antacid or antisecretory medication continuously during that time, M.L. knows what foods or factors cause symptoms, and is able to generally avoid them; hence, he has not had reflux esophagitis in over a year. A 24-hour diet history reveals M.L. ate these foods yesterday:
Breakfast: Skipped
Snack: Fresh pear; instant oatmeal made with water, eaten with brown sugar and two non-dairy creamers; skim milk
Lunch: Lean turkey lunch meat on whole-grain bread with lettuce, tomato, and mustard; 100% grape juice diluted with water; snack pack of carrots, no dressing
Snack: Sugar cookies; skim milk
Dinner: Tempura (deep-fried, breaded) salmon; buttered rice; salad with lettuce and tomato; vinegar and oil dressing; water
Snack, at bedtime: Ginger ale and ginger snap cookies
​
-The medication M.L. takes is a proton-pump inhibitor medication that works by _____.​

• A) ​decreasing gastric acid production
• B) ​neutralizing gastric acid
• C) ​coating the esophagus
• D) ​preventing tissue inflammation
• E) ​inhibiting the lower esophageal sphincter

---

Definitions:

G Protein

A group of proteins functioning as cellular molecular switches, responsible for conveying signals from external stimuli to the inside of the cell.

Cyclic AMP

A second messenger important in many biological processes, derived from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and used for intracellular signal transduction.

Phosphorylation

The addition of a phosphate group to a molecule, a crucial process in biology that modulates the function of proteins and other molecules in cells.

Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential

A temporary increase in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell, making it more likely to fire an action potential.