Studies of Accidents While Using a Cell Phone Found That

question 10

Multiple Choice

Studies of accidents while using a cell phone found that cell phone users:

• A)Had more accidents partly because cell phone use requires drivers to have one hand off the wheel
• B)Had a higher accident rate mostly because of their divided attention
• C)Had a ten-fold increase in accidents
• D)Did not have a greater risk of accidents if they used a speaker phone

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Definitions:

Positive Reinforcement

A process in behavior reinforcement where a behavior is encouraged by rewarding a desirable outcome.

Negative Reinforcement

A behavioral principle where the removal of an unpleasant stimulus following a desired behavior strengthens that behavior.

Positive Punishment

Adding an unfavorable outcome or consequence after an undesired behavior to decrease the likelihood of that behavior occurring again.

Negative Punishment

A behavior modification technique involving the removal of a desirable stimulus to decrease the frequency of a behavior.