[Solved] When a researcher directly controls or manipulates changes in an independent variable by exposing participants to the treatment conditions, A) she is conducting a correlational study. B) cause-and-effect relationships can be detected. C) the correlational coefficient should be zero. D) she is using a technique called matching. Social Structure: The organized pattern of social relationships and social institutions that together constitute society. Naked Mole Rats: A species of hairless rodents known for their longevity, resistance to cancer, and ability to live in highly social, cooperative colonies underground. Social Insects: Insects that live in organized colonies and exhibit complex behaviors such as division of labor, cooperation, and the ability to solve problems as a collective. Pheromones: Substances created and emitted by an animal into the surroundings that influence the behavior or physical state of other members of its species.