Who Is More Likely to Engage in Postformal Reasoning

question 15

Multiple Choice

Who is more likely to engage in postformal reasoning?

• A) Students from cultures such as China, who are guided by elders in terms of decision making.
• B) Students in graduate school who are challenged to think both philosophically and practically.
• C) Students with older siblings that model different forms of reasoning.
• D) Students in a high school with a focus on reading, writing, science, and math.

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Definitions:

Ideal Self

The version of oneself that a person aspires to be, encompassing their goals, values, and desires for personal improvement.

Anxiety

An emotion characterized by feelings of tension, worried thoughts, and physical changes like increased blood pressure, stemming from anticipation of future danger or misfortune.

Abstract Level

The degree to which concepts, ideas, or representations lack specific, concrete details, allowing for more generalized or theoretical thinking.

Goals

Targets or outcomes that an individual or organization aims to achieve through certain actions.