What Is the Difference Between Adults Who Are Considered Athletes

question 7

Multiple Choice

What is the difference between adults who are considered athletes versus nonathletes in terms of physical aging?

• A) Athletes experience more subtle and gradual declines in physical abilities from the late-30s to the 60s.
• B) Nonathletes experience more gradual declines because of less damage to ligaments and tendons.
• C) The muscles and motor skills of nonathletes are more susceptible to damage due to infrequent but more strenuous use.
• D) Athletes age faster in early adulthood, but the declines are not as noticeable until they reach middle age.

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Definitions:

Nonmanipulated Variables

Variables in a study that are not altered or controlled by the researcher but observed for their effects on the outcome.

Independent Variable

In experimental research, the variable that is manipulated by the researcher to observe its effects on the dependent variable.

Poor Reliability

Describes a measure or test that fails to produce consistent and stable results over time.

Self-Esteem

An individual’s subjective evaluation of their own worth or the attitude toward oneself ranging from positivity to negativity.