According to Akers' (2009) Differential Association-Reinforcement Theory, the First Step

question 23

Multiple Choice

According to Akers' (2009) differential association-reinforcement theory, the first step in the development of entrenched criminal behaviour is almost always what?

• A) Seeking out procriminal social relationships
• B) Receiving reinforcement for criminal behaviour
• C) Forming procriminal definitions
• D) Exposure to procriminal social relationships
• E) Ignoring the consequences of criminal behaviour

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Definitions:

Skimming Pricing

A pricing strategy involving setting high prices at the launch of a new product to maximize profits from customers willing to pay more, before lowering the price over time.

Prestige Pricing

A pricing strategy where prices are set higher than normal because the product or service is perceived to have a prestigious status or high quality.

Total Variable Costs

The summation of all costs that vary with the level of output or production, such as materials and labor.

Breakeven Analysis

The calculation to determine the number of products or services a business needs to sell to cover its costs, identifying the point at which revenue equals expenses.