One Conclusion That Can Be Drawn from the Studies Regarding

question 138

Multiple Choice

One conclusion that can be drawn from the studies regarding rat learning and brain structure (Greenough,1990; Wallace et al,1992) is that

• A) early psychological experience affects the development of the nervous system and will absolutely determine whether or not the individual will develop a psychological disorder later in life.
• B) early psychological experience does not result in physical changes to the nervous system but can still influence whether or not one develops a psychological disorder.
• C) early psychological experience affects the development of the nervous system and influences vulnerability to psychological disorders later in life.
• D) early psychological experience has little to do with brain structure or later development of psychopathology.

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Definitions:

P-Value

The probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the results actually observed, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true.

P-Value

The probability of observing a test statistic at least as extreme as the one observed, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true.

Level of Significance

The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true, used as a threshold in hypothesis testing.

Test Statistic

A calculated value from a data sample used to test a hypothesis against some criteria.