Current Research into Neurotransmitter Systems Has Produced the "Permissive" Hypothesis

question 67

Multiple Choice

Current research into neurotransmitter systems has produced the "permissive" hypothesis, which states that

• A) low levels of serotonin are sufficient to explain the etiology of mood disorders.
• B) the norepinephrine system regulates serotonin levels; if norepinephrine is low, depression will occur.
• C) when serotonin levels are low, other neurotransmitter systems become dysregulated and contribute to mood irregularities.
• D) the absolute levels of neurotransmitters are more significant in mood regulation than the overall balance of the various neurotransmitters.

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Definitions:

Unconditioned Stimulus

In classical conditioning, a stimulus that innately and automatically elicits a reaction without the need for previous learning.

Stimulus Generalisation

The tendency for the conditioned response to be evoked by stimuli that are similar to the stimulus that originally evoked the response.

Stimulus Generalisation

The process by which a conditioned response is triggered by stimuli that are similar but not identical to the original conditioned stimulus.

Fear Response

The instinctual reaction to perceived danger or threat, involving physiological changes like increased heart rate, aimed at preparing the body for fight or flight.