Experimenters Can Be Most Confident in Making Statements About Cause

question 3

Multiple Choice

Experimenters can be most confident in making statements about cause and effect when they conduct research using which of the following?

• A) Correlation coefficients
• B) Manipulated independent variables
• C) Nonmanipulated independent variables
• D) Case studies

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Definitions:

Preoperational

Refers to Piaget's stage of cognitive development in children aged 2 to 7, characterized by symbolic thinking, egocentrism, and a lack of logical operations.

Cognitive-Developmental Theory

A theory of psychological development that emphasizes the growth and changes in how people think over time, including understanding the nature of intelligence.

Social-Learning Theory

A theory that suggests people learn new behaviors through observation and imitation of others, rather than through direct experience.

Psychoanalytic Theory

A theory of personality development, originated by Sigmund Freud, which emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts.