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Normative statements describe how the world is, while positive statements prescribe how the world should be.
Equivalent Units
A concept used in process costing that converts partially completed units into a number of fully completed units, facilitating cost calculation.
Material Price Variance
A calculation that measures the difference between the actual cost of materials and the standard cost multiplied by the quantity purchased.
Purchased Quantity (PQ)
The total amount of a specific item that a company acquires from suppliers within a given time period, used for inventory management and cost control.
Standard Price (SP)
A predetermined cost that companies use as a benchmark to evaluate actual performance or to plan future financial strategies.
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