In a Study, Researchers Taught 2- to 8-Month-Olds to Pull

question 99

Multiple Choice

In a study, researchers taught 2- to 8-month-olds to pull a string to activate pleasurable sights and sounds, to which the infants responded with interest, happiness, and surprise. Then, for a short period, pulling the string no longer turned on the attractive stimuli, and the babies' emotional reactions changed to anger and sadness. Once the contingency was restored, the sad babies

• A) showed renewed interest.
• B) showed renewed enjoyment.
• C) turned away.
• D) reacted with high anxiety.

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Definitions:

Social Inequalities

The existence of unequal opportunities or treatment for different societal groups based on class, race, gender, age, or ethnicity.

Rawls

A philosopher known for his theory of justice which argues for the creation of a society where the least advantaged are as well off as possible.

Principles of Social Justice

Foundational guidelines aimed at ensuring equitable treatment, opportunities, and outcomes for all members of society, often addressing issues of inequality and discrimination.

Rawls

A reference to John Rawls, an influential American political philosopher known for his theories of justice and “the original position” in social contract theory.