In an Experimental Design

question 66

Multiple Choice

In an experimental design,

• A) the events and behaviors are divided into two types: independent and dependent variables.
• B) investigators are unable to control for participants' characteristics that could reduce the accuracy of their findings.
• C) researchers infer cause and effect by directly controlling or manipulating changes in the dependent variable.
• D) researchers gather information on individuals, generally in natural life circumstances, and make no effort to alter their experiences.

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Definitions:

Outgroup Homogeneity Bias

The tendency to perceive members of an outgroup as more similar to each other than they really are, often leading to stereotyping.

Double-Standard Thinking

Holding different sets of principles for similar situations, often leading to unfair or biased judgments and practices.

Group Attribution Error

The tendency to overattribute the behavior of individuals within a group to their character rather than to external circumstances.

Law of Small Numbers

A cognitive bias that leads people to draw broad conclusions from small samples.