When a Researcher Directly Controls or Manipulates Changes in the Independent

question 24

Multiple Choice

When a researcher directly controls or manipulates changes in the independent variable by exposing participants to the treatment conditions,

• A) she is conducting a correlational study.
• B) cause-and-effect relationships can be detected.
• C) the correlational coefficient should be zero.
• D) she is using a technique called matching.

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Definitions:

Balanced Scorecard

A strategic planning and management system used by organizations to align business activities with the vision and strategy of the organization, improve internal and external communications, and monitor performance against strategic goals.

Four Perspectives

Refers to a framework often used in business and management to evaluate an organization from multiple angles, commonly including financial, customer, internal processes, and learning and growth aspects.

Effectiveness

The degree to which an organization, such as a nonprofit, achieves its stated objectives and goals efficiently.

Efficiency

The ability to accomplish a task or goal with the minimum expenditure of time and resources; often related to optimizing processes and productivity.