In Developing Countries

question 76

Multiple Choice

In developing countries,

• A) vaccines weaken the immune system and children's susceptibility to disease.
• B) most childhood deaths due to diarrhea can be prevented with oral rehydration therapy (ORT).
• C) most children receive government-funded immunizations.
• D) widespread diarrhea leads to growth stunting but rarely to death.

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Definitions:

Primary Punisher

A stimulus that is inherently punishing; an example is electric shock.

Secondary Punisher

A stimulus that becomes punishing because it is associated with a primary punisher.

Negative Reinforcement

A process in behavior modification where the removal of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome after the display of a behavior increases the likelihood of the behavior being repeated in the future.

Primary Reinforcer

A stimulus that fulfills a basic biological need or instinct, such as food, water, or sleep, and is inherently rewarding.