Discuss the New Emergent Theories That Have Been Applied to Social

question 23

Essay

Discuss the new emergent theories that have been applied to social gerontology. Discuss their strengths and weaknesses. What have they contributed to the body of knowledge in gerontology?

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Definitions:

Secondary Reinforcement

A reinforcing stimulus that acquires its reinforcing power through association with a primary reinforcer.

Tertiary Reinforcement

A type of reinforcement that uses abstract rewards, such as praise or tokens, that can be exchanged for other rewards.

Shaping

A method used in behavioral training where successive approximations of a desired behavior are reinforced.

Successive Approximations

A method in behavior therapy and training in which complex behaviors are broken down into simpler steps, and these steps are learned gradually to achieve the target behavior.