Menig-Peterson (1975) Demonstrated That Children Aged 3 and 4 Years

question 22

Multiple Choice

Menig-Peterson (1975) demonstrated that children aged 3 and 4 years are sensitive to their listener's informational needs in the following way:

• A)Children described a person in an identity parade. They gave descriptions that unambiguously and uniquely identified the target
• B)In one condition, the listener had witnessed the incident being described, while in another condition she had not witnessed the event
• C)Children showed concern for a person who needed assistance
• D)Empathy
• E)Children wore an attentive facial expression and enquired, when appropriate, whether the listener understood and whether she required further information

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Definitions:

Hull-Spence Model

The Hull-Spence Model is a theory of learning that combines Hull's drive reduction theory with Spence's focus on the role of incentive and reinforcement in the learning process.

Generalization Task

A task designed to assess the extent to which learned behavior is displayed in response to stimuli that are similar, but not identical, to the stimulus present during training.

Resurgence

The conditioned stimulus (CS) eliciting a conditioned response (CR) in a new context after extinction in conditioning context.