What Did Researchers Find When They Tested the Effects of Taking

question 12

Multiple Choice

What did researchers find when they tested the effects of taking either sodium bicarbonate or a placebo as well as either being told one was taking a placebo or sodium bicarbonate?

• A) Belief that one has taken a real drug has an effect on performance--those who took a placebo but were told they had taken sodium bicarbonate performed better than those who took the actual sodium bicarbonate but were told they had taken a placebo
• B) Belief that one has taken a real drug does not have an effect on performance--those who received the sodium bicarbonate performed better, regardless of whether or not they had been told that they were taking sodium bicarbonate or a placebo
• C) Belief that one has taken a real drug has an effect on performance, but only if one has actually taken the real drug
• D) The researchers found no significant difference in performance between those who had taken sodium bicarbonate and those who had taken a placebo, regardless of whether or not they had been told they had taken sodium bicarbonate or a placebo.

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Definitions:

Markup On Total Cost

A pricing strategy where a fixed percentage is added to the total cost of a product to determine its selling price.

Variable Product Cost

Costs that vary directly with the volume of production, such as raw materials and direct labor costs.

Operating Income

The profitability from a company's core business operations, excluding deductions of interest and taxes.

Fixed Costs

Costs that do not vary with the level of production or sales, such as rent, salaries, and insurance.